Logo Gwerddon
Y Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol
Chwilio
Cymraeg / English

Llywodraeth ranbarthol a chymdeithas sifil yng Nghymru a Chatalwnia

Nôl
Llywodraeth ranbarthol a chymdeithas sifil yng Nghymru a Chatalwnia
Elin Royles

Roedd cryfhau ac adfywio democratiaeth yn rhesymeg gyffredin dros sefydlu llywodraeth ranbarthol yn Sbaen ac yn y Deyrnas Unedig. Yn y cyd-destun hwn, mae’r erthygl hon yn ceisio asesu effaith llywodraeth ranbarthol ar y berthynas rhwng cymdeithas sifil a llywodraeth ddatganoledig yng Nghymru a Chatalwnia. Wedi’i seilio ar astudiaethau achos, asesir i ba raddau y mae strwythurau llywodraeth ranbarthol yn hyrwyddo cyfranogiad mewn cymdeithas sifil a dadansoddir effaith llywodraeth ranbarthol ar hunaniaeth cymdeithas sifil. Er y gwahaniaethau, yn y ddau achos, roedd y llywodraethau rhanbarthol wedi ymgymryd ag ymdrechion ‘o’r brig i lawr’ i adeiladu cymdeithas sifil ac mae’r olaf wedi cyfrannu at y prosiectau adeiladu cenedl yng Nghatalwnia a Chymru. Mae’r canfyddiadau yn tynnu sylw at y goblygiadau democrataidd negyddol o bosibl sy’n deillio o’r cysylltiadau rhwng llywodraeth ranbarthol a chymdeithas sifil, ac effeithiau diwylliant gwleidyddol ehangach.

210 Kb

Cyfeiriad:

 
  	Elin Royles, 'Llywodraeth ranbarthol a chymdeithas sifil yng Nghymru a Chatalwnia', Gwerddon, 5, Ionawr 2010, 27-52.

Allweddeiriau

 
    Cymru, Catalwnia, llywodraeth, cymdeithas sifil, democratiaeth, astudiaethau achos.

Llyfryddiaeth:

 
  	
    

  1. Alexander, J. C. (1993), ‘The Return to Civil Society’, Contemporary Sociology (Cyfrol 22, Rhif 6), 797–803.
    2. 

  2. Argelaguet, J. (2006), ‘Subjective National Identities in Catalonia’, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics (Cyf.rol 12, Rhif 3), 431–54.
    3. 

  3. Balcells, A., Walker, G. J. (goln.) (1996), Catalan Nationalism: Past and Present (Basingstoke: Macmillan).
    4. 

  4. Baras, M., Matas Dalmases, J. M. (1998a), ‘El Sistema Electoral i Les Eleccions a Catalunya’, yn M. Caminal Badia a J. Matas Dalmases (goln), El Sistema Politics de Catalunya (Madrid: Tecnos).
    5. 

  5. Baras, M., Matas Dalmases, J. M. (1998b), ‘Els Partits Politics i el Sistema de Partits’ yn M. Caminal Badia and J. Matas Dalmases (goln), El Sistema Politics de Catalunya (Madrid: Tecnos).
    6. 

  6. Calhoun, (1995), Critical Social Theory (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers).
    7. 

  7. Chaney, P. (2002a), Social Capital and the Participation of Marginalized Groups in Government: A study of the Statutory Partnership between the Third Sector and Devolved Government in Wales (Paper prepared for the Fifth ISTR International Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, July 2002).
    8. 

  8. Chaney, P. (2002b), ‘Social Capital and the Participation of Marginalized Groups in Government: A Study of the Statutory Partnership Between the Third Sector and Devolved Government in Wales’, Public Policy and Administration (Cyfrol 17, Rhif. 4), 20–38.
    9. 

  9. Chaney, P. (2009), Cyfle Cyfartal a Hawliau Dynol: Degawd Cyntaf Datganoli yng Nghymru. Adroddiad a Gomisiynwyd gan y Comisiwn Cydraddoldeb a Hawliau Dynol www.wales.gov.uk/docs/awc/publications/090630equalityhumanrepcy.doc [Cyrchwyd 11.11.09]
    10. 

  10. Chaney, P., Fevre, R. (2001a), ‘Ron Davies and the Cultivation of “Inclusiveness”: Devolution and Participation in Wales’, Contemporary Wales (Cyfrol 14), 21–50.
    11. 

  11. Chaney, P., Fevre. R. (2001b), ‘Welsh Nationalism and the challenge of ‘Inclusive Politics’, Political Opportunities, Social Movements, and Democratization (Cyfrol 23), 227–54.
    12. 

  12. Chaney, P., Hall, T., Dicks, B. (2000). ‘Inclusive Governance? The case of “Minority” and Voluntary Sector Groups and the National Assembly for Wales’, Contemporary Wales (Cyfrol 13), 203–30.
    13. 

  13. Cohen, J. L., Arato, A. (1999), Civil Society and Political Theory (Massachusetts: MIT Press).
    14. 

  14. Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru (2007), Rheolau Sefydlog Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru (Hawlfraint y Goron).
    15. 

  15. Davies, J. (1994), A History of Wales (Llundain: Penguin Books).
    16. 

  16. Davies, Ron (1999), Devolution: Process Not an Event (Sefydliad Materion Cymreig, Papurau Gregynog, Cyfrol 2 (2)).
    17. 

  17. Direcció General de Participació Ciutadana (2005a), ‘Participació i nou Estatut’, Activitat Parlamentària (Rhif 7, Ionawr 2005), 34–52.
    18. 

  18. Direcció General de Participació Ciutadana (2005b), Participation and New Statute of Autonomy for Catalonia. Papur heb ei gyhoeddi.
    19. 

  19. Direcció General de Participació Ciutadana (2006a), ‘Incorporar la Ciutadania en la Política Autonòmica’, Innovació Democràtica (Rhif 1, Mawrth 2006), 7–16.
    20. 

  20. Direcció General de Participació Ciutadana (2006b), ‘Procesos de Debat i Deliberació’, Innovació Democràtica (Rhif 1, Mawrth 2006), 17–24.
    21. 

  21. Direcció General de Participació Ciutadana (2006c), ‘Espais Estables de Participació’, Innovació Democràtica (Rhif 1, Mawrth 2006), 25–32.
    22. 

  22. Edwards, S. (1999), ‘Reconstructing the Nation: The Process of Establishing Catalan Autonomy’, Parliamentary Affairs (Cyfrol 52), 666–76.
    23. 

  23. Elis-Thomas, D. (2009), Cyfansoddiad Newydd Cymru – y Ddwy Flynedd Gyntaf, Darlith Cymdeithas y Cyfreithwyr, Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Meirion a’r Cyffiniau 2009.
    24. 

  24. Fishkin, J., Laslett, P. (goln) (2003), Debating Deliberative Democracy (Oxford: Blackwell).
    25. 

  25. Foley, M. W., Edwards, B. (1996), ‘The Paradox of Civil Society’, Journal of Democracy (Cyfrol 7, Rhif 3) 38–52.
    26. 

  26. Font, J. (gol.) (2005), La política i la participació: polítics, partits i eleccions Polítiques 49 (Barcelona : Fundació Jaume Boffil).
    27. 

  27. Font, J., Blanco, I. (2003), ‘Organs de participació ciutadana i associativa de la Generalitat de Catalunya: anàlisi i propostes’ yn Fernández, A., Muñoz, X., Sisternas, X. (goln), Informe Pi i Sunyer sobre l’Administració de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Barcelona: Fundació Carles Pi i Sunyer d’estudis autonomics i socials).
    28. 

  28. Generalitat de Catalunya, cyfieithiad John Beattie (1997a), The Catalan Statute of Autonomy, Guardens Legislació Temàtica (Catalunya: Generalitat de Catalunya).
    29. 

  29. Generalitat de Catalunya (1997b), Llei 7/1997, de 18 de juny d’Associacions Guardens de Legislació 9 (Catalunya: Generalitat de Catalunya).
    30. 

  30. Generalitat de Catalunya (2009a), The normalisation of democracy and the autonomous regions, 1980–2003. www.gencat.cat/generalitat/eng/guia/antecedents/antecedents19.htm [Cyrchwyd 12.1.09]
    31. 

  31. Generalitat de Catalunya (2009b), Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia www.gencat.cat/generalitat/eng/estatut/titol_1.htm [Cyrchwyd 10.11.09]
    32. 

  32. Giddens, A. (1998), The Third Way: The Renewal of Social Democracy (Cambridge: Polity Press).
    33. 

  33. Giddens, A. (2000), The Third Way and its Critics (Cambridge: Polity Press).
    34. 

  34. Giner, S. (1980), The Social Structure of Catalonia (Sheffield: Anglo-Catalan Society).
    35. 

  35. Giner, S. (2001), ‘Catalonia: The Tradition of Modernity’, Scottish Affairs: Stateless Nations in the 21st Century (Rhifyn Arbennig) 166–80.
    36. 

  36. Greer, S. L. (2006). Demanding Only Autonomy: Catalonia in the Spanish Democratic Transition, Papur heb ei gyhoeddi, ar gael o: http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/index.jsp
    37. 

  37. Greer, S. L. (2007), Nationalism and self-government: the politics of autonomy in Scotland and Catalonia (Albany: State University of New York Press).
    38. 

  38. Guibernau, M. (1999), Nations without states: political communities in a global age (Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers).
    39. 

  39. Guibernau, M. (2001), ‘Catalonia After 20 Years of Autonomy’, Scottish Affairs: Stateless Nations in the 21st Century (Rhifyn Arbennig) 137–50.
    40. 

  40. Gunther, R., Montero, J. R., Botella, J. (2004), Democracy in Modern Spain (London: Yale University Press).
    41. 

  41. Hain, P. (1999), A Welsh Third Way, Tribune Pamphlet (London: Tribune Publication).
    42. 

  42. Heywood, P. (2000), ‘Spanish Regionalism: A Case Study’, yn Smith, A. a Heywood, P., Regional Government in France & Spain (London: Constitution Unit).
    43. 

  43. Intermòn Oxfam (2006), 50 anys d’Intermòn Oxfam, www.intermonoxfam.org/page.asp?id=2008&idioma=2 [Cyrchwyd 29.10.06]
    44. 

  44. Keating (1997), ‘Stateless nation-building: Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland in the changing state system’, Nations and Nationalism (Cyfrol 3, Rhif 4), 689–717.
    45. 

  45. Keating, M (2001a), Nations Against The State: The New Politics Of Nationalsim In Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland (Basingstoke: Palgrave).
    46. 

  46. Keating, M. (2001b), Plurinational Democracy: Stateless Nations in a Post-Sovereingty Era (Oxford: OUP).
    47. 

  47. Llywodraeth y Cynulliad (2004a), Adroddiad Comisiwn Richard: Comisiwn ar bwerau a threfniadau etholiadol Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru (Caerdydd: The Stationery Office).
    48. 

  48. Llywodraeth y Cynulliad (2004b), Independent Commission to Review the Voluntary Sector Scheme – Final Report, www.new.wales.gov.uk/docrepos/40382/sjr/voluntary/reviewreport?lang=en [Cyrchwyd 19.9.06]
    49. 

  49. Llywodraeth y Cynulliad (2006), Cyllideb Derfynol 2006, www.new.wales.gov.uk/about/finance/assemblybudgets/previousbudgetindex/2006finalb udget/?lang=cy [Cyrchwyd 13.11.08]
    50. 

  50. MacInnes, J. (2001), ‘Dual National Identity in Scotland and Catalonia’, Scottish Affairs: Stateless Nations in the 21st Century (Cyfrol Arbennig) 104–21.
    51. 

  51. McAllister, I. (1980), ‘The Labour Party in Wales: The Dynamics of one-partyism’, Llafur (Cyfrol 3, Rhif. 1), 79–89.
    52. 

  52. McRoberts, K. (2001), Catalonia: Nation Building Without a State (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
    53. 

  53. Morgan, K. O. (2002), Rebirth of a Nation: A History of Modern Wales (Rhydychen: Gwasg Prifysgol Rhydychen).
    54. 

  54. Morgan, K., Mungham, G. (2000), Redesigning Democracy: The Making of the Welsh Assembly (Penybont: Seren).
    55. 

  55. Nagel, J. (2001), ‘Catalan Nation-Building and the Transition to Democracy in Spain’, Scottish Affairs: Stateless Nations in the 21st Century (Cyfrol Arbennig) 122–36.
    56. 

  56. Oxfam Cymru (2001), Oxfam Cymru Vision (dim cyhoeddwr).
    57. 

  57. Paterson, L., Wyn Jones, R. (1999), ‘Does civil society drive constitutional change?’ yn B., Taylor, K., Thomson (goln.), Scotland and Wales: Nations Again? (Caerdydd: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru).
    58. 

  58. Pagès i Rejsek, J. (2005), ‘Les Competències de la Generalitat’, yn L’autonomia política de Catalunya: Orígens, competències i organització de la Generaliat (Barcelona: Generalitat de Catalunya).
    59. 

  59. Putnam, R. D. (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community (Llundain: Simon & Schuster).
    60. 

  60. Rawlings, R. (2005), ‘Hastening slowly: the next phase of Welsh devolution’, Public Law 824–52.
    61. 

  61. Royles, E. (2007), Revitalising Democracy? Devolution and Civil society in Post-devolution Wales (Caerdydd: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru).
    62. 

  62. Sarasa, S. (1998a), ‘Prefaci: la societat civil catalana’, yn Giner, S. (gol.), La societat catalana (Barcelona: Institut d’Estadística de Catalunya).
    63. 

  63. Sarasa, S. (1998b), ‘Associacionisme, movements social i participació cívica’, yn Giner, S. (gol.), La societat catalana (Barcelona: Institut d’Estadística de Catalunya).
    64. 

  64. Schmitter, P. C. (1979), ‘Still the Century of Corporatism?’, yn P. C. Schmitter, G. Lembruch (goln.), Trends Towards Corporatist Intermediation (London: Sage).
    65. 

  65. Sherlock, A. (2000), ‘Born free, but everywhere in chains? A legal analysis of the first year of the National Assembly for Wales’, Cambrian Law Review (Cyfrol. 13), 61–7.
    66. 

  66. Subirats, J. (2005), ‘Multi-level Governance and Multi-level Discontent: The Triumph and Tensions of the Spanish Model’, yn S. L. Greer (gol.), Territory, Democracy and Justice (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan).
    67. 

  67. Swyddfa Gymreig (1997), Papur Gwyn: Llais Dros Gymru – Cynigion y Llywodraeth ar gyfer Cynulliad Cymreig (DG: Llyfrfa ei Mawrhydi).
    68. 

  68. Trench, A. (2006), ‘The Government of Wales Act 2006: the next steps in devolution for Wales’, Public Law, 4 (gaeaf), 687–96.
    69. 

  69. Vernet i Llobet, J. (2003), Estudis sobre l’autogovern de Catalunya (Barcelona: Publicacions del Parlament de Catalunya).
    70. 

  70. Vilà, A. A. (1998), ‘Els Moviments Socials a Catalunya’, yn M. Caminal Badia and J. Matas Dalmases (goln.), El Sistema Politics de Catalunya (Madrid: Tecnos).
    71. 

  71. Vilà, E. (2000), ‘Moviment gai i lèsbic’, yn A. Mirabet i Mullol (gol.), Homosexualitat a l’inìci del segle XXI (Barcelona: Claret).
    72. 

  72. Watkin, T. G. (2007), The Legal History of Wales (Caerdydd: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru).
    73. 

  73. Whitehead, L. (1997), ‘Bowling in the Bronx: The Uncivil Interstices between Civil and Political Society’, yn R. Fine a S. Rai (goln.), Civil Society: Democratic Perspectives (Llundain: Frank Cass).
    74. 

  74. Williamson, D. (2009), ‘Legislative logjam knocks cycle scheme off track’, Western Mail (21 Ionawr 2009).
    75. 

  75. Wilson, F. L. (1990), ‘Neo-corporatism and the Rise of New Social Movements’, yn R. J. Dalton a M. Kuechler (goln.), Challenging the Political Order: New Social and Political Movements in Western Democracies (Cambridge: Polity Press).
    76. 

  76. Wyn Jones, R., Lewis, B. (1998), The Wales Labour Party and Welsh Civil Society: Aspects of the Constitutional Debate in Wales, www.aber.ac.uk/~iwpwww/ [Cyrchwyd 25.05.99]
    77. 

  77. Wyn Jones, R., Scully, R. (2008), ‘Welsh Devolution: The End of the Beginning and the Beginning of...?’ yn A. Trench (gol.), The State of the Nations 2008 (Exeter: Imprint Academic).
    78.